Regenerative compound coke-ovens



Sept. 8, 1936.

w. MUELLER REGENERATIVE COMPOUND COKE OVENS Filed Dec. 51, 1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 V //v l/E/V TOR Sept. 8 1936. w. MUELLER REGENERATIVE COMPOUND COKE OVENS 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 31, 1952 Inventor WlLl-IELM MUELLER. Bi] gimfi Attclr'niz Emu/ eld.

Sept. 8, 1936. w. MUELLER REGENERATIVE COMPOUND COKE ovsus 7 Shets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 51, 1932 Inventor Will-[ELM MLIELLER 'MMRW Attur Sept. 8, 1936. w. MUELLER V.

REGENERATI VE COMPOUND CQKE OVENS Filed Dec 31', 1932 7 Sheets-Shgei 4 Sept. 8, 1936.

W. MUELLER REGENERATIVE COMPOUND COKE OVENS Filed Dec. 31, '1952 7 Sheets-Sheet s Sept 8, 1936. 1 w. MUELLER I 2,053,573

REGENERATIVE COMPOUND COKE OVENS Filed Dec. 31, l'esz 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 v Mum/7'02 ,M/MVE'LLF)? 7:: q -f y w 5813158, 1.936. w MUELLER r v 2,053,573

, REGENERATIVE COMPOUND COKE OVENS Filed Dec. 51', "1952 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 /vv/v T07? 22y W M HELLER @IMMn z. Kw 0mg,

atented Sept. 8, 1936 i seine In Great Britain March 1, 1932 The present invention relates to a regenerative compound coke-oven battery oi the kind in which a number of coking chambers are a ranged in a row, being separated one from another by heating walls each of which contains a single row of vertical fines in which an air/gas mixture is burned for heating the coking chamhers and in which a set of regenerators is arranged under each coking chamber in the oven structure, each such set consisting in general oi two groups one, of which is arranged for preheating gas or air and. the other for heating air only, it being understood that a single regenerator extending the whole length of the overl5 lying coking chamber may be used instead of a group of regenerators.

The invention has for an object to provide a compound coke oven battery with a highly eficient system of combustion in the heating fiues 2 of the chamber walls, to the end, that the prin ciples of "multi-stage combustion or recirculation of waste gases or a combination of these a; principles may be utilized in a coking retort oven, whether coke-oven gas be employed the 5 oven'fuel, or a weak gas, such as producer gas or blast furnace gas.

Further, the two gases may be burned concurrently in which case the weak gas operates ,to dilute the coke-oven gas. The invention re 30 tains, with all of its advantages, the regenerative system of conserving the waste heat from the fiues and utflizing such waste heat for preheating the weak fuel gas as well as the air for combustion.

35 The invention combines the regenerative system with its periodic reversalof flow, in such a way, that in the novel flue system the flame is maintained constantly in all the hues of each heating wall, regardless of whether the flue be 40 the coke-oven gas distilled from the coal coked in the oven chambers, or the fuel be an alternatively employed weak-gas, such as producer gas, orv

(it employed, the carbonizing process is carriedon most evenly, with greater facility and in a shorter time than has been heretofore possible, on ac-' count that temperature fluctuations are practically eliminated through the novel combination of the heating arrangement of the oven 5 chambers.

In certain known ovens of the general kind referred to the delivery of air and gas from the regenerators to'the heating lines was by means of intermediate long transfer channels. This is arrangement besides requiring undesirable complication in the structure of the oven is disadvantageousin that the preheated gas or/and air is pressed together again and has subsequently to be redistributed to the various heatis ing fiues and. whereby unevenness or heating is liable to be set up. The present invention provides for the elimination oi the above named disadvantages.

The invention consists in the novel features, methods, combinations and constructions herein illustrated, described. and claimed.

In describing the invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate corresponding parts and which illustrate by way of example typical embodiments of the invention including various modifications of detail.

In the drawings:-

- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the oven wall of an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the oven wall of another embodiment of the invention.

' Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the oven wall of Fig. 1.,

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the oven wall of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section through the oven on the line A--A of Fig. 1. 1

Fig. 6 is a transverse section through the oven on the line BB of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a transversesection through the oven on the line A-A of Fig. 1 showing a slightly different arrangement of regenerators.

Fig. 8 is a transverse section through the oven on the line B '-B of Fig. 2 showing the same regenerators as in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section through the oven wall, along the lines v0-0 and V-V ot Fig. 10.

Fig. 10 is a transverse section along the lines Fig. 11 is a. longitudinal section 01' amodiflcalongitudinally of the oven walls and having flue connections as in Fig. 2.

In the illustrations generally K is the oven chamber and W the heating wall. i and l are the gas distribution channels and 2 and 2 are the air distribution channels which are arranged under the oven chambers in the longitudinal direction of the latter. These channels 5, 2 and l 2*- are openly connected in an upward direction with the gas regenerators 3 and 3 and the air regenerators i and 3 The regenerators are arranged longitudinally under each oven chamber and consist either, as in Figs. 5 and 6, of a larger central gas regenerator 3, 3 and two lateral air regenerators 3, 4 arranged at the side of the former, or as in Figs. 7 and 3, only of one gas regenerator 3 (or 53 and one air regenerator 4 which are similar and occupy the whole length of the chamber. In Figs. 9, l and ii is illustrated an alternative regenerator arrangement of which a detailed description will hereinafter be found.

The coal to be coked is charged into the several coking chambers or ovens K through charging holes K positioned directly above the ovens or chambers K as shown in Fig. 12. These charging holes 2. are equipped. with the usual remova ble covers K which are removed when charging any of the several ovens and placed in position to close the tops of the ovens during the entire coking operation.

The gases of distillation pass from the tops of the several coking chambers K through the usual gas outlets K and communicably connected ascension pipes K (Figs. 5, l0 and ii) into the usual gas collecting main which carries the distillation productions to the icy-product recovery apparatus.

Heat for coining the charges of coal in the sev-' eral ovens or chambers K is derived from the heating walls W, which, as before mentioned, extend crosswise of the battery at the sides of the coking chambers. The construction and the functioning of these heating walls constitute important features of the present invention.

Each regenerator isa chamber containing open brickwork, commonly called checkerwork. These rgenerators in alternation are heated by the hot combustion products that draw ofi from the heating or combustion fiues ll, 8') hereinafter further described and then impart such heat to the medium that they feed into these heating ilues.

These regenerators are connected directly by transfer passages it, it (or is, it or/and 15, it (or 55 it) which partly cross each other and rise obliquely, with the lower ends of the heating fines l, t or/and of two vertical ducts H, 92 (or i i it respectively which latter are provided in the binder-bricks or" the chamber walls, one of said ducts being connected with the gas regenerator t, (or 3*), while the other is connected with the air regenerator (or 3 As will be seen from the drawings the passages 53, 86, i3, an

lead from the lower ends of fiues l, t and the passages l5, 05 from the lower ends of ducts M, M, M M into regenerators 3, d, 3*, 4 The ducts ii, iii, H l2 have, at their lower end, and ii desired also at a higher level, ports a which open laterally into the heating hues l, All the iiues l, 8 and vertical ducts H, 92, il l2 open at the top into an upper horizontal interconnecting passage i0.

In the oven of Figs. 1, 3 and 5, the two ducts H,

' Q2 of one row of bricks are connected by passages l5, IE to the left with the regenerators 3,! respecthem with each heating flue i, which are arranged it into the channelsZ'.

sesame tively while the two ducts it 82 of the next row are connected by passages 65 it to the right at the bottom with the regenerators 3, 4 respectively.

In the oven illustrated in Figs. 2, 4 and 6 the 5 passages 53, id opening out of the lower ends of the heating flues l of any one heating wall instead of sloping alternately to left and right for connection with the regenerators it, t and 3 ll respectively are arranged to slope all in the same direction for connection with the regenerators 3, d and similarly with the passages it, it which all slope in the same direction from the lower ends of the vertical ducts ll i2 of any one heating wall for connection with the regenerators 3 i In other words the regenerators 3, t are connected by passages :13, M which slope to right and left, with the lower ends of the heating flues l in the heating Walls on both sides of the coking chamber placed above the regenerators i; and in like manner the next pair of regenerators 3*, i are connected by passages it, it sloping to right and left, with the lower ends of the vertical ducts ll, 62 in both the adjacent heating walls.

In Figs. 7,-8 the arrangement of coking chambers K, flues i, ii and vertical ducts is exactly the same as the respective parts in Figs. 5 and 6, the only difierence in the structure being with regard to the regenerators s, 3, i 3 which are arranged in pairs comprising one gas regenerator 3 or 3 and one air regenerator 4 or l instead of groups of three as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 and occupy as before the entire length of the chamber. The arrangement of the oblique transfer ducts 53, it, it and it etc. is also substantially the same as before, being suitably modified for connection with groups of two regenerators instead of groups of three. In this case the inner oblique transfer passages E5, th (in Fig. '7) and it, it (in Fig. 8) from each regenerator pair are arranged to cross one another.

The immediate connection with the regenerators of the heating flues l. t or/and of the two brick ducts ii and 52 in conjunction with the side ports a hereinafter described, make it possible, as was not possible hitherto, to convey preheated weak gas and air from the regenerators at several heights into each heating flue and therefore to provide either multistage combustion or/and a recirculation of combustion products in each pair of heating fines in the oven walls.

For the purpose of conveying weak gas and air, there are provided in the substructure arranged under the ovens, special distribution conduits S and L with perpendicular nozzles d and it (see Figs. .5, 6, 7 and 8) which convey the gas or the air under a moderate pressure into the channels 0 and 2 or l and 2 and from there to the regenerators 3 and l or 3 and ii.

For the purpose of conveying rich gas, the ovens are provided with conduits R having vertical nozzles 5, which are also arranged in the substructure under the oven, or with horizontal channels 6 having corresponding nozzles connecting 65 in the brickwork. In the same way rich gas can be conveyed to each of the heating flues i and 8 from the top through the channel ii and th nozzles i1".

For working the oven according to Figs. 1, 3 and 5 or Fig. 7 with weal: gas, the latter is conveyed through the conduit S and the nozzles d to the channels I. The air is conveyed in a. similar waythrough the conduit L and the nozzles the air enter the heating flues 8 through ports 9 at.

different heights, where they burn and flow upwards. The flames enter through the opening III into the adjacent flue I, flow through the flue in a downward direction and through the lateral ports 9 are diluted by recirculation of the combustion products, the ducts II, I2 and passages I5, It serving to carry ofi the waste gases .into the regenerators 3 and 4. The waste heat flows through the channels I and 2 to the main waste heat channel and through the chimney into the open. If the gas valves, air valves and waste heat valves are reversed, gas, air and flames in the heating flues and the waste heat in the regenerators, all flow in the opposite direction and the ports 9 by supplying flames at a number of levels give multi-stage combustion. It will thus be seen that the flues I, 8 operate in alternation as upcast and downcast fines and that the alternate pairs of vertical ducts I I, I2 and II, I2 act'respectively for supplying fresh heated gas and air and withdrawing the waste gases, the direction of flow being indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1.

The heating walls of the oven, according to Figs. 2, 4 and 6 or Fig. 8 are treated with weak gas in the same way as is described above but with the difference that the gas and air are, in

the one instance, made to enter at the foot of the heating flues I from the regenerators 3 and 4 through the passages I3 and I4, when the waste heat will flow off on top through the brick ducts I I and I2 and pass to the other regenerators 3 4 while, after the change over, the gas and the air will flow from the regenerators 3 and 4. and the passages IS and I6 through the brick ducts II and I2 from the top into the heating flues I, and the waste heat will then flow off to the regenerators 3 and 4 through the passages I3 and I4. With regenerators 3, 4 acting to supply heat to the gas and air all the fiues work as upcast flues and the ports 9 operate to produce recirculation of waste gases. n reversal of the flow all flues become downcast and ports 9 give 'multi-stage combustion by supplying flames at a number of diiferent levels.

If the oven, according to any of Figs. 1 to 8, is worked only with rich gas, then the weak gas conduits S and d which open at the bottom into the regenerators, are shut in the already known way, whereupon the regenerators 3 and 4 under one oven chamber work alternately only with air, while the regenerators 3 and 4 under the adjacent chamber work with waste heat, this being reversed aiter the change over. The rich gas is then conveyed to the separate heating flues from below either through the nozzles or the channels 6, while the rich gas enters the heating flues from the top through the channels II and the nozzles II 4 .Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate the parts of the heating 9 of the brick ducts II and I2 and to the heating flues I and 8. The construction of the brickbond is suitably formed by. alternation horizontally and vertically of one whole binder-brick 20 without headand with two half-bricks 2| with one head each, (for which see also Fig. 6); and with stretcher-bricks 22 forming the sides of the wall,

which are provided with equal notches 23 on either edge to key with the projecting heads of the binder-bricks. the binder-bricks being provided, if required, with round or otherwise suitably formed holes to build up the two vertical ducts ii and I2 as has been stated before.

The general lay-out of the oven is shown in Fig. 12 which refers particularly to the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 2 or Fig. 6. The lay-outs of the arrangements according to Figs. 1 and 5 are similar, the differences being as hereinbefore fully set forth in the description relating to Figs. 1 and 5.

In the ovens of Figs.' 9, and 11 a row of small separate regenerators as 3, 4, 3, 4 are arranged underneath each coking chamber, alternate rows being respectively traversed by fresh gas or/and air and by waste gases and alternate regenerators of the row in use for heating being traversed respectively by air and gas when the oven is being worked with weak gas requiring preheating. Thus in Figs. 9 and 1.0 weak gas is supplied through a channel I to regenerators 3 and air through a channel 2 to regenerators 4 alternating in the same row with regenerators 3, the gas passing from the regenerators 3 through passages I3 and the air from regenerators 4 through passages to the lower ends of the heating flues I the waste gases being withdrawn at the top and led down the vertical ducts II, I2 into the regenerators 3 4 of the adjacent row.

0n reversal the gas passes through channel I, regenerators 3 passages l5 and vertical ducts II and air through channel 2*, regenerators 4, passages I6 and vertical ducts I2, the gas and air mixing in the upper connecting passages Ill and the flames passing down the fiues I. while the waste gases are withdrawn throughthe regenerators 3, 4 and channels I, 2.

As in the previous examples, ports or openings 9 give communication between the flues I and vertical ducts II, I2, whereby multi-stage combustion and/or recirculation is promoted.

Rich gas may be supplied either from below by means of upright nozzles 5 or from above by means of horizontal channels I! and downwardly directed nozzles II.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 11, alternate fiues I, B are respectively connected by means of passages I3, I4 with the gas and air regenerators 3, 4 and by passages I3, I I with the waste gas regenerators 3 4 so that the flames pass up fiues I and down fiues 8. Each partition between the fiues I, 8 contains a pair of vertical ducts Ii, I2, which are alternately connected with gas and air regenerators 3, d and the adjoining waste heat regenerators 3 4 by means of the passages IE, IS and I5, I6

As before a number of side ports or openings 9 connect the fiues I, 8 with the ducts II, I2 for the promotion of multi-stage combustion in the upcast fiues i and recirculating the combustion products in the downcast fines 8.

The technical advantage of the invention consists in that, in the case of coke ovens with multistage combustion or/and recirculation of gases, the lower ends of the heating iiues, as also of the two vertical ducts which are arranged in the respectively, by short passages which partly cross 5 each other. :'In comparison with the system of arranging in these ovens, between the heating walls and the regenerators, long sole or transfer channels in a horizontal direction, the present invention is a simplification of the construction, and

furthermore ensures also an even distribution of gas and air throughout the whole length of the oven chamber, because the heating flues of the walls are at each place directly connected with the regenerators.

What I claim is:- 1. A regenerative coke-oven battery including a series of alternate horizontal coking chambersand heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row having asingle row of vertical heating flues 20 arranged in each heating wall, and with a plu-.

rality of regenerators arranged beneath the coking chambers, the heating walls whereof are each constituted by bricks forming the sidesof the wall, the said bricks being laid with'their length along the face of the wall and hereinafter referred to as stretcher bricks, and binder-bricks forming columnar partitions between the tides, each said partition having in vertical alternation a single binder-brick not extending to the outside of the wall, and a pair of half binderbricks having heads'extending to the outside of the wall between the stretcher-bricks, the stretcher and the binder-bricks being notched to key with one another, each of the said binder-bricks being provided with holes suitably formed to build up two vertical ducts in each said columnar partition for directly connecting the upper ends of'the heating flues with the regenerators beneath the oven chambers. I

40 2. A heating wallfor a regenerative coke-oven battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized by the alternation in the successive columnar partltions between the heating flues of said heating wall on any horizontal section through the wall of single binder-bricks not extending to the outside of the wall with, pairs of half binder-bricks having heads extending to the outside of the wall.

3. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizo'ntal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, and regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues being arranged in each heating wall; means for elongating the flames of each heating flue said means serving during alternate periods between flow reversals to produce multistage combustion, i. e. supplying regeneratively preheated air and optionally weak gas also at a plurality of levels within said heating flue, and

the same said means serving during the intermediate periods between flow reversals to recirculate theproducts of combustion in said heating flue.

4 In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a set of regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single 70 row of vertical heating flues and. a horizontal channel interconnecting the upperends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas to some of the regenerators, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of therow as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets, the combination of verticalducts arranged in the 5 columnar partitions-between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into said horizontal channel, each'cross partition having a pair of such vertical-1 ducts, oblique ascending transferv passages issuing from @the regeneratorsand 10 opening directly intothe lower-ends of said paired vertical ductsand portswleading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level; at least below the topand communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to said 1 side of the heating. flue, said ports serving (a) during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat. restoring regenerators into the heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated 20 flames by multistage combustion and (b) during intermediate periods between flow reversals to'reclrcnlate'combustion products within the heating flues and elongate the flames by dilution of the burning gases;

5. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side byside in a row, a set of regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a 30 single row of vertical heating flues and ahorizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, means for admitting air. to all and fuel gas to some of the regenerators, means for withdraw- 3 I ing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets, 40 the combination of vertical ducts arranged in columnar partitions between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair of such vertical ducts, oblique ascending 45 transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends of said paired vertical ducts, and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and 50 communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating flue; the pairs} of vertical ducts of the same heating wall being connected alternately with the regenerator sets underlying the coking chambers on opposite siderfi of said heating-wall, the side ports of alternate heating flues of the same heating wall serving to introduce air and optionally fuel gas 'also from the heat restoring generators into said alternate heating flues at more than one level to produce 60 an elongated flame by multistage combustion .and the side ports of the intermediate flues of said last-named heating wall serving to recirculate the products of combustion within said intermediate heating flues, thereby to elongate the flames thereof by dilution of the burning gases.

6. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a set of .regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wa'll, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas accents to some of the regenerators, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of therow as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets; the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating fines of each heating wall and opening into the said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair of such vertical ducts, a set oi oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the re generators and opening directly into the lower ends of said paired vertical ducts, another set oi'oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from. the regenerators and openingdirectly into the lower ends of the heating dues and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating title; the vertical ducts of the same heatinglwall being connected by means of the first-named set of oblique transfer passages with the regenerators underlying the coking chamber on, one side of said heating wall and the lower ends of the heating dues of the same and last-named heating wall being connected by means of the secondnamed set of oblique transfer passages with-the regenerators underlying the coking chamber on the opposite side of said heating wall, said side ports serving during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into all the heating-hues of the same heating wall at more-than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and during the intermediate periods between iiow reversals to recirculate the combustion products within all the heating dues of said last-named same heating wall, thereby to elongate the flames in said heating lines by dilution of the burning gases.

7. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a pair of horizontally elongated regenerators oriented longitudinally of and located underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating dues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upperends of said heatingflues arranged in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas to some of the regenerators, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as one side of each heating flue near the bottom .and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating flue, said ports serving (a) during alternate periods between flow 7 reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into the heating lines at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion on opposite sides oi. said heatingwall,

and it) during intermediate periods between new reversals to recirculate combustion products within the heating dues and elongate the flames by dilution of the burning gases.

8. In a regenerative compound colre oven bat== tery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a set of three horizontally elongated regenerators oriented longitudinally of and located underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating hues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating fiues arranged in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all regenerators and fuel gas to the central regenerator of each set of three, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets; the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating dues of each heating wall and opening into said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair. or such vertical ducts, oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends or said paired vertical ducts and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to saidside of the heating flue, said ports serving (a) during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into the heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and (h) during intermediate periods between flow reversals to recirculate combustion products within the heating dues and elongate the flames by dilution of the burning gases. 9. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor or side by side in a row, a single row of regenera rs arranged underneath each coking chambe a single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, the number of regenerators in each row being half the-number of heating flues in each heating wall, means for admitting air to* all and fuel gas to every second regenerator of each row, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the re generator sets underlying alternate coking chem.- bers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets; the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating dues of each heating wall and opening into the said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair of such vertical ducts, oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower endssof said paired vertical ducts, and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both, the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating flue; the pairs of vertical ducts of the same heating wall being connected alternately with the regenerator sets underlying the coking chambers the side ports of alternate heating flues of the same heat-- ing wall serving to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into said alternate heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and the side ports of the intermediate heating flues of said last-named heating wall serving to recirculate the products of combustion within said intermediate heating flues, thereby to elongate the flames thereof by dilution of the burning gases.

10. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a single row of regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, the number of regenerators in each row being equal to the number of heating flues in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas to every second regenerator of each row, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerator-s, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets; the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into the said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair'of such vertical ducts, a set of oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends of said paired vertical ducw, another set of oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends of the heating flues and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with'both the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating flue; the vertical ducts of the same heating wall being connected by means of the first-named set of oblique transfer passages with the regenerators iinderlying the coking chamber on one side of said heating wall and the lower ends of the heating flues of the same and last-named heating wall being connected by means of the second-named set of oblique transfer passages with the regenerators underlying the coking chamber on the opposite side of said heating wall, said side ports serving during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heating restoring regenerators into all the heating flues of the same heating wall at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and during the-intermediate periods between flow. reversals to recirculate the combustion products within all the heating flues of said last-named same heating wall, thereby to elongate the flames in said heating flues by dilution of the burning gases.

11. In a regenerative compound coke oven bat tery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, and regenerators arranged underneath each coking chambena single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues being arranged in each heating wall, means for elongating the flames of each heating flue, said means serving during alternate periods between flow reversals to produce multistage com bustion in odd-numbered heating flues of a row, i. e. supplying regeneratively preheated air and optionally weak gas also at a plurality of levels within said odd-numbered heating flues, and to recirculate the productions of combustion in evennumbered heating flues of the same row and the same said means serving during the intermediate periods between flow reversals to produce multistage combustion in the even-numbered heating flues of said row and to recirculate the combustion products in the odd-numbered heating flues of said row.

12. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, and regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues being arranged in each heating wall, means for elongating the flames of each heating flue, said means serving during alternate periods between flow reversals to produce multistage combustion, i. e. supplying regeneratively preheated air and optionally weak gas also at a plurality of levels, within all the heating flues of a row and the same said means serving during the intermediate periods between flow reversals to recirculate the products of combustion in all the heating flues of said row.

13. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a set of regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas to some of the regenerator-s, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets, the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar cross partitions between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair of such vertical ducts, oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends of said paired vertical ducts and also into the lower ends of the heating'flues and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating flue, said ports serving (a) during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into the heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and (b) during intermediate periods between flow reversals to recirculate combustion products within the heating flues and elongate the flames by dilution of the burning gases.

14. In a regenerative compound coke oven batt row of vertical heating flues and a horizontal 76 below the top and communicating with both the 1 vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas to some of the regenerators, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets, the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into said horizontal channel, each cross partition having a pair of such vertical ducts, oblique ascending transfer. passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends of said paired vertical ducts and also into the lower ends of the heating flues and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both the vertical ducts adjacent to said side of the heating flue, said ports serving (a) during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into the heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and (b) during intermediate periods between flow reversals to recirculate combustion products within the heating flues and elongate the flames by dilution of the burning gases.

15. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a set of three horizontally elongated regenerators oriented longitudinally of and located underneath each coking chamber, a single row-of vertical heating flues and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends: of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, means for'admitting air to all regenerators and fuel gas to the central regenerator of each set of three, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for'reversing the functions of regenerator sets, the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into said horizontal channel, each cross partition having -a pair of such vertical ducts, oblique ascending transfer pasages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower cnds of said paired vertical ducts and also into the lower ends of the heating flues and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also atone levelat least flue, said ports serving (a) during alternate periods between flow reversals to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into the heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and (2)) during intermediate periods between flow reversals to recirculate combustion products within the heating flues and elongate the flames by dilution of the burning gases.

16. In a regenerative compound coke oven battery having a series of alternate horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side in a row, a single row of regenerators arranged underneath each coking chamber, a single row of vertical heating fines and a horizontal channel interconnecting the upper ends of said heating flues arranged in each heating wall, the number of regenerators in each row being half the number of heating flues in each heating wall, means for admitting air to all and fuel gas to every second regenerator of each row, means for withdrawing waste gas from the regenerators, valve means for operating the regenerator sets underlying alternate coking chambers of the row as heat receivers and as heat restorers respectively and for reversing the functions of regenerator sets, the combination of vertical ducts arranged in the columnar partitions between the heating flues of each heating wall and opening into the said horizontal channel, each cross partition hav-- ing a pair of such vertical ducts, oblique ascending transfer passages issuing from the regenerators and opening directly into the lower ends of said paired vertical ducts and into the lower ends of said heating flues also, and ports leading out of one side of each heating flue near the bottom and also at one level at least below the top and communicating with both the vertical ducts adiacent to said side of the heating flue; the pairs of vertical ducts of the same heating well being connected alternately with the regenerator sets underlying the coking chambers on opposite sides of saidheating wall, the side ports of alternate heating flues of the same heating wall serving to introduce air and optionally fuel gas also from the heat restoring regenerators into said alternate heating flues at more than one level to produce elongated flames by multistage combustion and the side ports of the intermediate heating flues of said last-named heating wall serving to recirculate the products of combustion within said intermediate heating flues, thereby to elon- WILHEIMMUEILER- 

